What is the point of view in the short story "A Problem" by Anton Chekhov?

The point of view in Chekhov's story "A Problem" is that of the young college student Sasha Uskov, although Chekhov does not make this fact conspicuous. Sasha is sitting "in the hall by the door leading to the study," where his relatives are very heatedly discussing a problem the young man has created by cashing a "false promissory note" at a bank. This sort of thing could not be done in modern America, but evidently it was common in Russia at the time. Sasha had created a promissory note and forged another name to it. It other words it looked as if the other person owed Sasha that sume of money. Then he had cashed the note at a bank at a discount. He had intended to redeem the note before it became due, but when the due-date arrived he didn't have the money he had expected. The family is in an uproar because this is a criminal offense. They either have to pay to redeem the delinquent note or let the young man go on trial. The reason we know that this story is being told from Sasha's point of view is that Sasha can hear everything through the door.

Sasha Uskov sat at the door and listened. He felt neither terror, shame, nor depression, but only weariness and inward emptiness. It seemed to him that it made absolutely no difference to him whether they forgave him or not; he had come here to hear his sentence and to explain himself simply because kind-hearted Ivan Markovitch had begged him to do so. He was not afraid of the future. It made no difference to him where he was: here in the hall, in prison, or in Siberia.

Chekhov not only shows that Sasha can hear everything that is going on in the study, but he also describes the young man's thoughts and feelings. Then eventually Sasha is called into the study to be cross-examined and upbraided by the family.

Sasha went into the study. The official of the Treasury was sitting down; the Colonel was standing before the table with one hand in his pocket and one knee on a chair. It was smoky and stifling in the study. Sasha did not look at the official or the Colonel; he felt suddenly ashamed and uncomfortable.

So then Sasha can not only hear the people in the study but can see them and talk to them. It is unmistakably in his point of view. After Sasha leaves the study again, he has interactions with various family members, including especially his uncle Ivan Markovitch, and he overhears other family members, including his own mother.

unseen in the study at that moment...the unhappy, saintly woman was weeping, grieving, and begging for her boy.

Everything that occurs in the story can be assumed to be seen, heard, or felt by the principal character Sasha Uskov, who ironically does not display much of an emotional reaction to the nearly hysterical behavior of his gathering of close relatives. Although Sasha has created "a problem" for the entire family, he does not seem to regard it as his problem at all.