There are a number of defining principles of a republic.
- A republic is a self-governing state or country in which members of society have the power to elect officials who represent them in government matters. This differs from a pure democracy in which individual people cast votes directly on the issues of importance to society.
- The officials are elected to serve at the will of the people, and to vote according to the values they are chosen to represent
- In a republic, there is generally one elected official such as a president, chosen to represent the entirety of the population. This person is not a sovereign ruler such as a king or queen, nor is his or her position based on blood lineage.
- In addition, in a republic there are different levels of elected officials such as local, state, and national, who represent different groups of constituents. Voting on those who represent the different populations takes places at regularly set intervals.
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